Wrench



(No Model.)

P. W. LOWNES.

WRENCH.

Patented Feb. .10, 1891.

UNITED STATES PHINEAS VILLIAM LONES, OF ORLANDO, FLORIDA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,220, dated February 10, 1891.' Application filed April 25, 1890. Renewed January 3, 1891. Serial No. $76,620. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHINEAS WILLIAM' LOWNES, a citizen of Orlando, in the county of Orange and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in IVienches; and I do hereby declare the folr lowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appert-ains to make and use'the same.

Myinvention relates to an improvement in wrenches, and has for its object to produce a wrench which shall be of simple and durable construction, easy to operate, and effective in the performance of its function.

A further object is to produce a wrench having a double-faced jaw and a sliding jaw so arranged relatively to the double-faced jaw that it may be made to operate with either face of said double-faced jaw and at thel same time be prevented from lateral movement in whichever position it may be operated.v

A further object .is to produce a Wrench of simple construction having a double-faced pivoted jaw, and so attach a sliding jaw to the j body of the wrench that it may be capable of A represents the body of the wrench, and

is composed of two flat plates B, of metal sufliciently thick to insure strength, which are properlyspaced apart by means of blocks a, a, a', ZJ, b', and b2, the blocks a a a forming in part the edges of the body of the wrench. The spacing-blocks may be cast or forged solid with the sides, or, if desired, the ends of said blocks may be contracted and such contracted portions inserted in perforations in the plates B. g

Secured to the plates B of the body A at the lower end thereof is a block c, from which a shank Cl projects, said shank preferably being made tapering and provided at its free end with screw-threads CZ. Surrounding the shank O is a handle D, of wood or other suitable material, a metallic collar e being fitted to the top of the handle D and adapted to abut against the lower end of the body of the Wrench. The lower free screw-threaded end of the shank d projects beyond the end of the handle D, where it is provided with a nutf.

At one side of the body A, near the top thereof, the plates B project upwardly and outwardly to produce portionsg, in rear of f which the post b2 is located between the plates. Between the post b2 and the outer extremity of the curved portions g the plates B are provided with aligned perforations 75. Located between the portions g of the plates is the preferably-curved shankj of a jaw E, having an upper face 7c and an outer face Z. The shank j projects inwardly between the plates to a point in proximity to the post b2, and is provided with a perforation m, adapted to align with the perforations t' in the portions g of the plates, through which perforations a pivot-pin F is inserted, whereby the Ijaw E is pivotally connected to the body of the wrench.

Made in the opposing faces B of the body A are aligned openings G, preferably of octagonal shape, in which openings a similarshaped box Il is inserted, said box having openings n o made through it at right angles to each other, the opening n being adapted to receive an interiorly-threaded nut I, inserted loosely therein, and the opening obeing adapted to permit the passage through the box of the screw-threaded shank p of a sliding j aw J.

lVith the parts constructed and arranged as shown in Fig. l the shank p of jaw .I is inserted in the opening formed by the spac ing-blocks d b, being guided by said blocks and made to pass through the opening 0 in the box H and through the nut I in said block,

the free end of the shank p then passing between and guided by the spacing-blocks a a.

IVith the parts of the wrench thus assembled the sliding jaw is adapted to be operated bythe nut I to engage a pipe inserted between it and the pivoted jaw E. Vhen the device is thus operated,'the pivoted jaw E will swing freely on its pivot F in such manner that when pressure is applied to the handle the jaw vl)- swings in toward the sliding IOC jaw, gripping the pipe or bolt tighter and tighter as the distance between the jaws be comes less, acting after the manner of a toggle-joint. The pivoted jaw E falls back by its own weight when released, and is of such shape that when it hangs free and there is nothing between the jaws they are 4much Wider open at the points y y than at 2, thus giving a sure grip to the pipe. WVhen the pivoted jaw has swung until it strikes the block a, it has not come quite parallelwith the'teeth of the jaw J, thus preventing the work from wedging, so that the wrench will not release, a trouble experienced with almost all wrenches of which I am aware'.

By means of the spacing-blocks ct b and ct a, and by making the box Il with flat edges to fit into similarly-shaped openings in the plates of the body, the sliding jaw will be guided in its movements and lateral motion of said jaw prevented.

When it is desired to adapt the sliding jaw to operatel in conjunction with the face of the pivoted jaw, the sliding jaw is withdrawn and the box I-I and nut I will be turned onefourth around, so that the opening in the box will align .with the openings r s, formed by the spacing-blocks a, a', an d b. The shank oft-hesl-iding jaw will then be. passed through these openings and the openings in the box and' nut, and thus the sliding jaw will be adapted tooperate with the face lof the pivoted jaw.

If desired, the jaw E maybe pivoted at the end of its shank and a slot made in the body of said shank for the reception of a set-screw t, by means of which to adjust it, as shown in Fig. 5.

In order toI adapt my invention for use as a monkey-wrench, a jaw K maybe made to project in theI opposite direction from the jaw .I and a jawK made to project from the body l of. the wrench at the opposite side thereof froml the pivoted jaw E, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

By constructing' a wrench as above described a device will be' produced which will be very simple in construction andv effective in operation. y j,

H-avin'gfully described my invention, what I claiml as new, andV desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- l. In a wrench, the combination, with a body having an opening at its top, openings in its sides, a transverse opening, the sides or walls of the latter being angular, and a jaw attached to said body and having teeth s on its upper and outer faces, of an adjustable carrier or box shaped to fit the transverse ings in its sides,'an d a jaw attached to said angular opening in the body of the wrench, a movable jaw,vand a nut located in the carrier and engaging the movable jaw, substanbody and having an upper and an outer face, of an adjustable carrier having an angular periphery and located in a correspondinglyshaped opening in the body of the wrench, an interiorly-threaded nut in said carrier, and a movable jaw detachably and adj ustably located in the carrier, whereby provision is made for causing the movable jaw to work with either face of the pivoted jaw, substantially as set forth.

3. In a wrench, the combination, with a body having an opening in its top and openings in its sides, and a jaw pivoted to said body and having an upper and an outer face, of a detachable carrier inserted in the body of the wrench and having its periphery made up of a series of straight edges, a threaded nut in said carrier, and a sliding jaw having a stern adapted to pass through said carrier and nut, substantially as set forth.

4. In a wrench, the combinati-on, with a body composed of two plates secured together by means of spacing-blocks, of av jawhaving an upper and an outer face and a shank, said shank being adapted tov enter between the plates composing the body, a pin for pivotally connecting said jaw with the body of the wrench, a box or carrier having straight edges inserted in correspondingly shaped openings in the plates,a nut in said box, and

aV jaw having a shank adapted to passthrough IOO jaw attachedv to said body, having an outer and an upper face, of an angular detachable carrier adaptedto enter the angularopening in the body of the wrench, a threaded nut in said carrier, and aslid'ing j aw havinga stem adapted to pass through said carrier, substantially as set forth. l

6. In a wrench, the combination, with a' body having a longitudinal socket, stops or 'spacing-blocks on opposite sides ofthe outer end of said socket and forming the end Walls thereof, a transverse socket, stops or spacing-blocks on opposite sides of the transverse socket and forming the end walls thereof, the said stops or spacing-blocks adapted to prevent lateral or swinging movement of the movable jaw, and a carrier seated in an opening' or recess located lat the juncture of the longitudinal and transverse sockets, of a movable jaw'and a nut seated i-n a recess in the carrier and engaging the stem or shank of the movable jaw, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this` IIO 

